Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Essay (1400 words – Long Essay)

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Introduction

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is started by the government to make India a completely clean India. Clean India was a dream seen by Mahatma Gandhi regarding which he once said that, “Sanitation is more important than Independence”. During his time he was well aware of the poor and dirty condition of the country that’s why he made various efforts to complete his dream however could not be successful.

As he dreamt of clean India one day, he said that both cleanliness and sanitation are integral parts of healthy and peaceful living. Unfortunately, India is still lagging behind in cleanliness and sanitation even after 71 years of independence. According to the statistics, it has seen that very less percentage of total population has access to the toilets. It is a programme run by the government to seriously work to fulfill the vision of Father of Nation (Bapu) by calling people from all walks of life to make it a successful campaign globally.

This mission has to be completed by 150th birth anniversary of Bapu (i.e. 2nd October of 2019) in next five years (from the launch date). It is urged by the government to the people to spend at least 100 hours in a year towards cleanliness in their surrounding areas or other places of India to make it a successful campaign. There are various implementation policies and mechanisms for the programme including three important phases such as planning phase, implementation phase and sustainability phase.

What is Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a national cleanliness campaign established by the Government of India. This campaign is covering 4041 statutory towns in order to clean roads, streets, and infrastructure of the India. It is a mass movement to create a Clean India by 2019. It is a step ahead to the Mahatma Gandhi’s dream of swachh Bharat for healthy and prosperous life.

This mission was launched on 2nd of October 2014 (145th birth anniversary of Bapu) by targeting its completeness in 2019 on 150th birth anniversary of Bapu. The mission has been implemented to cover all the rural and urban areas of the India under the Ministry of Urban Development and the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation accordingly.

The first cleanliness drive (on 25th of September 2014) of this mission was started by the Indian Prime Minister, Narendra Modi earlier to its launch. This mission has targeted to solve the sanitation problems as well as better waste management all over the India by creating sanitation facilities to all.

Need of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

Swachh Bharat mission is very necessary to run continuously in India until it gets its goal. It is very essential for the people in India to really get the feeling of physical, mental, social and intellectual well being. It is to advance the living status in India in real means which can be started by bringing all over cleanliness. Below I have mentioned some points proving the urgent need of ‘Swachh Bharat Abhiyan’ in India:

It is really very essential to eliminate the open defecation in India as well as making toilets facility available to everyone.
It is needed in India to convert the insanitary toilets into flushing toilets.
It is necessary in order to eradicate the manual scavenging system.
It is to implement the proper waste management through the scientific processes, hygienic disposal, reuse, and recycling of the municipal solid wastes.
It is to bring behavioral changes among Indian people regarding maintenance of personal hygiene and practice of healthy sanitation methods.
It is to create global awareness among common masses living in rural areas and link it to the public health.
It is to support working bodies to design, execute and operate the waste disposal systems locally.
It is to bring private-sector participation to develop sanitary facilities throughout India.
It is to make India a clean and green India.
It is necessary to improve the quality of life of people in rural areas.
It is to bring sustainable sanitation practices by motivating communities and Panchayati Raj Institutions through the awareness programmes like health education.
It is to bring the dream of Bapu to come true.

Swachh Bharat Mission in Urban Areas

The Swachh Bharat Mission of urban areas aims to cover almost 1.04 crore households in order to provide them 2.6 lakhs of public toilets, 2.5 lakhs of community toilets together with the solid wastes management in every town. Community toilets have been planned to be built in the residential areas where availability of individual household toilets is difficult and public toilets at designated locations including bus stations, tourist places, railway stations, markets, etc.

Cleanliness programme in the urban areas (around 4,401 towns) have been planned to be completed over five years till 2019. The costs of programmes are set, like Rs. 7,366 crore on solid waste management, Rs. 1,828 crore on public awareness, Rs. 655 crore on community toilets, Rs. 4,165 crore on individual household toilets etc.

Programmes which have been targeted to be completed are complete removal of open defecation, converting unsanitary toilets into flush toilets, eradicating manual scavenging, bring behavioral changes among public, and solid waste management.

Gramin Swachh Bharat Mission

Gramin Swachh Bharat Mission is a mission implementing cleanliness programmes in the rural areas. Earlier the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (also called Total Sanitation campaign, TSC) was established by the Government of India in 1999 to make rural areas clean however now it has been restructured into the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin).

This campaign is aimed to make rural areas free from open defecation till 2019 for which the cost has been estimated is one lakh thirty four thousand crore rupees for constructing approximately 11 crore 11 lakh toilets in the country. There is a big plan of converting waste into bio-fertilizer and useful energy forms. This mission involves the participation of gram panchayat, panchayat samiti and Zila Parishad. Following are the objectives of Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin):

To improve quality of life of people living in the rural areas.
Motivate people to maintain sanitation in rural areas to complete the vision of Swachh Bharat by 2019.
To motivate local working bodies (such as communities, Panchayati Raj Institutions, etc) to make available the required sustainable sanitation facilities.
Develop advance environmental sanitation systems manageable by the community especially to focus on solid and liquid waste management in the rural areas.
To promote ecologically safe and sustainable sanitation in the rural areas.
Swachh Bharat-Swachh Vidyalaya Campaign

The Swachh Bharat Swachh Vidyalaya campaign is run by the Union Ministry of Human Resource Development having the objectives of cleanliness in the schools. A major programme was organized under it from 25th of September 2014 to 31st of October 2014 in the Kendriya Vidyalayas and Navodaya Vidyalya Sangathans.

Lots of cleanliness activities were held such as discussions over various cleanliness aspects in the school assembly by the students, teachings of Mahatma Gandhi related to cleanliness, cleanliness and hygiene topics, cleaning activities (in the class rooms, libraries, laboratories, kitchen sheds stores, playgrounds, gardens, toilets, pantry areas, etc).

The cleaning of statue in the school area, speech over the contribution of great people, essay writing competitions, debates, art, painting, film, shows, role plays related to hygiene including other many activities on cleanliness and hygiene were also conducted. It was also planned to hold a half an hour cleaning campaign in the schools twice a week involving the cleanliness activities by the teachers, students, parents and community members.

Swachh Bharat Cess

Swachh Bharat cess is an improvement in the service tax by 0.5% on all the services in India. It was started by the Finance Ministry to collect some fund from each and every Indian citizen for the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in order to make it a huge success. Everyone has to pay extra 50 paise for each 100 rupees spent as service tax for this cleanliness campaign.

Another Cleanliness Initiative in Uttar Pradesh

Yogi Adityanath (Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh), in March 2017, has banned chewing of paan, paan masala, gutka and other tobacco products (especially in the duty hours) in the government offices to ensure cleanliness. He started this initiative after his first visit to the secretariat annex building when he saw betel-juice stained walls and corners in that building.

Conclusion

We can say Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, is a nice welcome step to make India clean and green till 2019. As we all heard about the most famous proverb that “Cleanliness is Next to Godliness”, we can surely say that Clean India Campaign (Swachh Bharat Abhiyan) will really bring godliness all over the country in few years if it is followed by the people of India in effective manner.

So, the cleanliness activities to warm welcome the godliness have been started but it should not need to be ended if we really want godliness in our lives forever. A healthy country and a healthy society need its citizens to be healthy and clean in every walk of life.

380 Words Essay on Corruption in India

Corruption is not a new phenomenon in India. It has been prevalent in society since

ancient times. History reveals that it was present even in the Mauryan period. Great

scholar Kautilya mentions the pressure of forty types of corruption in his contemporary society. It was practised even in Mughal and Sultanate period. When the East India Company took control of the country, corruption reached new height. Corruption in India has become so common that people now are averse to thinking of public life with it.

Corruption has been defined variously by scholars. But the simple meaning of it is that corruption implies perversion of morality, integrity, character or duty out of mercenary motives, i.e. bribery, without any regard to honour, right and justice. In other words, undue favour for any one for some monetary or other gains is corruption.

Simultaneously, depriving the genuinely deserving from their right or privilege is also a corrupt practice. Shrinking from one’s duty or dereliction of duty are also forms of corruption. Besides, thefts, wastage of public property constitute varieties of

corruption. Dishonesty, exploitation, malpractices, scams and scandals are various

manifestations of corruption.

Corruption is not a uniquely Indian phenomenon. It is witnessed all over the world in

developing as well as developed countries. It has spread its tentacles in every sphere of life, namely business administration, politics, officialdom, and services. In fact, there is hardly any sector which can be characterised for not being infected with the vices of corruption. Corruption is rampant in every segment and every section of society, barring the social status attached to it. Nobody can be considered free from corruption from a high ranking officer.

To root out the evil of corruption from society, we need to make a comprehensive code of conduct for politicians, legislatures, bureaucrats, and such code should be strictly enforced. Judiciary should be given more independence and initiatives on issues related to corruption. Special courts should be set-up to take up such issues and speedy trial is to be promoted. Law and order machinery should be allowed to work without political interference. NGOs and media should come forward to create awareness against corruption in society and educate people to combat this evil. Only then we would be able to save our system from being collapsed.

1309 Words Essay on Global Warming: Causes, Effects and Remedies

Global warming is the greatest challenge facing our planet. It is, in fact, the increase in
the temperature of the earth’s neon- surface air. It is one of the most current and
widely discussed factors. It has far-reaching impact on biodiversity and climatic
conditions of the planet. Several current trends clearly demonstrate that global
warming is directly impacting on rising sea levels, the melting of ice caps and
significant worldwide climate changes. In short, global warming represents a
fundamental threat to all living things on earth.
Global average temperature rose significantly during the past century. The prevailing
scientific view is that most of the temperature increases since mid-20th century has
been caused by increases in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations produced by
human activity. Most scientists agree that planet’s temperature has risen 0.5 degree
Celsius since 1900 and will continue to increase at an increasing rate. As a result, the
world is getting warmer. The year 1990 was the hottest year in the last century.
Together with 1991, the years of 1983, 1987, 1988 and 1989 have been measured to be
the warmest six years in the last hundred years. The year 1991 was the second warmest
year of the past century. The consequences of the rise in temperature is being felt all
over the globe the findings of scientific research done in this field reveal that the
temperature of the earth is likely to rise from 1.4°C to 5.8°C within a period of 100
years.
Unfortunately, the imbalance which we have created between our life and earth is
already showing the signs disasters in the form of flood, cyclones, landslides, tsunami,
drought, etc. If the imbalance continues to rise, one day this will pose a question mark
on the existence of this planet. Carbon dioxide (C02) which is an important constituent
of environment is causing a warming effect on the earth’s surface.
It increases the evaporation of water into the atmosphere. Since water vapour itself is a
greenhouse gas, this causes still more warming. The warming causes more water vapour
to be evaporated. The C02 level is expected to rise in future due to ongoing burning of
fossil fuels and landuse change. The rate of rise will depend largely on uncertain
economic, sociological, technological and natural developments. Other gases such as
methane, CFCs, nitrous oxide, tropospheric ozone are also responsible for global
warming. Increases in all these gases are due to explosive population growth, increased
industrial expansion, technological advancement, deforestation and growing
urbanisation, etc.
Trees play a significant role in the global carbon cycle. They are the largest land-based
mechanism for removing carbon dioxide from the air. Deforestation is checking these
positive processes. It is the second principle cause of atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Deforestation is responsible for 25 per cent of all carbon emissions entering the
atmosphere, by the burning and cutting of 34 million acres of trees each year. Everyday
over 5500 acres of rainforest are destroyed. As a consequence of massive loss of forests,
global CO, levels rise approximately 0.4 per cent each year, the levels not experienced
on this planet for millions of years. As we know the forests are the great absorbers of
CO,,.
There is a close relation between global warming and population growth. Today the
large population on earth is using the technologies which are destructive for the earth.
Approximately, 80 per cent of atmospheric C02 increases are due to man’s use of fossil
fuels either in the form of coal, gas or oil. A large portion of carbon emission is
attributed to the burning of gasoline in internal-combustion engine of vehicles.
Vehicles with poor gas mileage contribute the most to global warming. Besides, the
sulphur group gas is the most harmful for this. Its contribution is 30 per cent in global
warming. This gas is also emitted from the burning of fossil fuels.
Increase in global temperatures will cause rise in sea level.
It will lead to melting of glaciers, changes in rainfall patterns, increased intensity and
frequency of extreme weather. As per the latest survey report the rate of melting of
glaciers has seen sharp increase in recent times. Even those glaciers are affected from
global warming which have been considered permanent. The shrinking of glaciers is
going to pose a major problem of drinking water.
The sea levels as a result of melting of glaciers have risen from 0.35 mm to 0.4 mm.
Scientists have warned in their reports that most of the glaciers will disappear within a
period of 15 to 25 years. It will create problems of drinking water and food grains in
most of the North American countries. India is not unaffected from it. The Himalayan
glaciers have shrunk about 30 per cent after 1970.
The rise in sea levels is a major cause of concern. A large number of cities located in
coastal areas will submerge in the sea. Besides, many island countries will ultimately
“lose their existence and will be washed away from the surface of the earth. The
damage of rising sea levels is diverse. Buildings and roads close to the water could be
flooded and they could suffer damage from hurricanes and tropical storms. Experts
believe that global warming could increase the intensity of hurricanes by over 50 per
cent. In addition, as the sea rises, beach erosion takes place, particularly on steep
banks.
Wetlands are lost as the level rises. Rise in atmospheric temperature will lead to the
outbreak of air¬borne and water-borne diseases. It would also contribute to the rise in
death caused by heat. The problem of drought would be frequent. Consequently,
malnutrition and starvation will pose serious challenge before humanity.
Global warming is a great threat to the flora and fauna of the earth. A large number of
species of them may become extinct.
The expanse of desert would increase. Low rainfall and rising temperature could add to
the intensity and frequency of dusty storm. This in turn will immensely affect the
quality of agricultural land, ultimately causing adverse effect on agricultural produce.
It would have far-reaching socio-economic impact.
In Indian context, the impact of global warming is a matter of grave concern. As is well
known, India is mainly an agricultural country and agriculture here is gamble of the
monsoon, e.g. largely depending on rainfall. Though it is to affect the whole country,
the worst likely impact would be on central and northern India which is high-yielding
parts of the country. These are the regions which produce the largest agricultural yield.
The rise in atmospheric temperature and fall in rain would naturally result in decline
in crop production. Moreover, it would have great effect on biodiversity as well.
The growing concerns over global temperatures have led to the nations, states,
corporations and individuals to draw out a plan of action to avert the situation. As a
result the world’s primary international agreement on combating global warming was
reached in Kyoto in 1997 which came to be known as Kyoto Protocol. However, ten
years have passed; the situation does not appear to be very changed. It seems that the
member countries are not very serious about its devastating effects.
In addition, forestation can be of great help in this regard. Planting more trees and
reducing timber cuts worldwide will help restore the imbalance. Secondly, we must
follow on environmental policy of ‘reduce, reuse, recycle’, i.e. promoting the reuse of
anything. Thirdly, the use of fuel-efficient vehicles should be promoted as these vehicles
have lower emissions of harmful gases. Fourthly, every individual should be aware of
the importance of the protecting environment. Besides, eco- friendly technologies must
be promoted, and must be substituted with the technologies which cause great emission
of global warming gases. Public awareness campaign can be of great help in this regard
because unless each and every individual is aware only governments’ effect cannot
bring desired difference.

Essays on Morning Walk or Walking is a good exercise

Short Paragraph for kids on a Morning Walk
A morning walk is a very useful exercise. It is a light exercise. It refreshes our body and mind. In the morning Nature is at its best. A morning walk brings us in contact with the beautiful surroundings of Nature. It gives us a great joy and also keeps us fit and healthy. The green grass, the blossoming flowers, chirping birds, the fresh air, the rising sun and morning dew - all provide us great joy and they fill our heart with happiness. Morning walk is good for all. The old and the young, the healthy and the weak, all should take a morning walk.

688 Words Essay on a the advantages of morning walk

Some people play games like cricket, hockey, football, volleyball, badminton, etc. Others prefer yogic exercises because these keep not only the body but also the mind in perfect condition. Nowadays, games have become very expensive. Everybody cannot afford them. Yogic exercises cannot be learned without the help of a yoga teacher. But walking is an exercise which is the cheapest. It does not need any training. It is the easiest of all exercises. It is a light exercise.

A morning walk is the best exercise. It can keep a person fit and fresh throughout the
day. It is suitable for all, whether rich or poor, the young or the old, boys and girls. It
refreshes the mind and improves the health. It provides fresh air to the lungs. It
purifies the blood. It improves digestion. That is why doctors always recommend a
morning walk to their patients. Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of our Nation, laid great stress on morning walk. He himself used to go out for a morning walk every day. He even undertook a number of “Pad Yatras”, journeys on foot, to meet the people on the way. He loved walking very much.

It is true that for some persons it is not very easy to get up from their beds early in the morning, particularly in the winter season. But if one has the determination and a strong will-power, it should not be too difficult for any person to rise early even in
winter. One must form a regular habit of a morning walk. This exercise is good for
health only if it is undertaken regularly without any break.

In small towns, the people can go out for a morning walk to the nearby open fields or
just stroll along a canal or a river. But this is not possible in big cities like Delhi,
Mumbai and Kolkata. People of these cities should go to a public park or a garden to
have a morning walk. These places look green and beautiful and offer fresh air.

A morning walk can also be had on the road provided it is free from heavy traffic. A
city-dweller must not go out for a morning walk to an industrial place because
industrial pollution is a health hazard. Morning is the best time for a walk. A cool breeze blows at this time. Birds chirp in the bushes and branches of the trees. In villages, one can see the farmers ploughing their fields, sowing new crops or reaping the ripe standing crops. Persian wheels of the wells produce melodious sound.
The scene in the cities is however different. Here the people generally go to the public parks or gardens for a walk. One can see many old men walking or doing light
exercises. One can also come across some men doing yogic exercise on the green grass. The beautiful flowers of the garden dance with joy when a breeze blows. It is a delight to watch. The fresh and cool air of the gardens is very invigorating. In the garden, some people take rounds; others walk barefoot on the green grass. The green grass is covered with drops of dew. Those who are young also do jogging.
Fat persons are prone to diseases like diabetes, hypertension, high blood pressure, etc.

Doctors advise them to restrict their diet and bring down their weight. In such cases, a brisk morning walk is very helpful in reducing weight. Even persons who are lean and thin can benefit from a morning walk. Morning walk makes a lean person fit to digest food and thereby put on some extra flesh.

One should spend at least an hour or two on walking in a garden so that when the sun rises in the east, one can enjoy the beauty of the rising sun. Every object is draped in the golden light of the rising sun. The first rays of the sun are very good for health. It is a fact that health is wealth. A morning walk every day keeps the doctor away. It is the cheapest and the best recipe for maintaining good health.