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Tuesday, December 31, 2013

LIST OF MISS WORLD (1951-2013)

Miss World 1951 - Kiki Haakonson, Sweden

Miss World 1952 - May Louise Flodin, Sweden

Miss World 1953 - Denise Perrier, France

Miss World 1954 - Antigone Costanda, Egypt

Miss World 1955 - Carmen Zubillaga, Venezuela

Miss World 1956 - Petra Schurmann, Germany

Miss World 1957 - Marita Lindahl, Finland

Miss World 1958 - Penelope Coelen, South Africa

Miss World 1959 - Corine Rottschafer, Holland

Miss World 1960 - Norma Cappagli, Argentina

Miss World 1961 - Rosemarie Frankland, United Kingdom

Miss World 1962 - Catharine Lodders, Holland

Miss World 1963 - Carole Crawford, Jamaica

Miss World 1964 - Ann Sidney, United Kingdom

Miss World 1965 - Lesley Langley, United Kingdom

Miss World 1966 - Reita Faria, India

Miss World 1967 - Madeiline Hartog Bel, Peru

Miss World 1968 - Penelope Plummer, Australia

Miss World 1969 - Eva Reuber Staier, Austria

Miss World 1970 - Jennifer Hosten, Grenada

Miss World 1971 - Lucia Petterle, Brazil

Miss World 1972 - Belina Green, Australia

Miss World 1973 - Marjorie Wallace, USA

Miss World 1974 - Anneline Kriel, South Africa

Miss World 1975 - Winelia Merced, Puerto Rico

Miss World 1976 - Cindy Breakspeare, Jamaica

Miss World 1977 - Mary Stavin, Sweden

Miss World 1978 - Silvana Suarez, Argentina

Miss World 1979 - Gina Swainson, Bermuda

Miss World 1980 - Kimberly Santos, Guam

Miss World 1981 - Pilin Leon, Venezuela

Miss World 1982 - Mariasela Lebron, Dominican Republic

Miss World 1983 - Sarah Jane Hutt, United Kingdom

Miss World 1984 - Astrid Herrera, Venezuela

Miss World 1985 - Hofi Karlsdottir, Iceland

Miss World 1986 - Giselle Laronde, Trinidad

Miss World 1987 - Ulla Weigerstorfer, Austria

Miss World 1988 - Linda Petursdottir, Iceland

Miss World 1989 - Andeta Kreglicka, Poland

Miss World 1990 - Gina Marie Tolleson, USA

Miss World 1991 - Ninebeth Jiminez, Venezuela

Miss World 1992 - Julia Kourotchkina, Russia

Miss World 1993 - Lisa Hanna, Jamaica

Miss World 1994 - Aishwariya Rai, India

Miss World 1995 - Jacqueline Aquilera, Venezuela

Miss World 1996 - Irene Skliva ,Greece

Miss World 1997 - Diana Hayden, India

Miss World 1998 - Linor Abargil, Israel

Miss World 1999 - Yukta Mookhey, India

Miss World 2000 - Priyanka Chopra, India

Miss World 2001 - Ibiagbanidokibubo Asenite Darego—Nigeria

Miss World 2002 - Azra Akin—Turkey

Miss World 2003 - Rosanna Davidson, Ireland

Miss World 2004 - Maria Julia Mantilla Garcia, Peru

Miss World 2005 - Unnur Birna Vilhjalmsdottir, Iceland

Miss World 2006 - Tat’ana Kucharova, Czech Republic

Miss World 2007 - Zhang Zhi Li, China PR

Miss World 2008 - Ksenia Sukhinova, Russia

Miss World 2009 - Kaiane Aldorino, Gibraltar

Miss World 2010 - Alexandria Mills, USA

Miss World 2011 - Ivian Sarcos, Venezuela

Miss World 2012 - Wen Xia Yu, China PR

Miss World 2013 - Megan Young, Philippines

Monday, December 30, 2013

Important Top 25 Confusing General knowledge Questions With Answers.......

1. Which is the most abundant metal present in earth's surface ?

Answer: Aluminum

2. Which is the most abundant metal present in earth ?

Answer: Iron

3. Which country has the oldest National Flag ?

Answer: Denmark

4. which country has the oldest national anthem ?

Answer: Japan

5. Where is National Defense College situated ?

Answer: New Delhi

6. Where is National Defense Academy (NDA) situated ?

Answer: Khadakwasla (Pune)

7. Where is Indian Military Academy situated ?

Answer: Dehradun

8. Who is the First American president who won the Nobel Prize ?

Answer: Theodore Roosevelt

9. Who is the First Russian president who won the Nobel Prize ?

Answer: Mikhail Gorbachev

10. Which is the largest lake in the world ?

Answer: Caspian Sea

11. Which is the Largest Fresh Water Lake in the world ?

Answer: Lake Superior

12. Which place is known as land of rising sun ?

Answer: Japan

13. Which place is known as land of setting sun ?

Answer: still confused, did you know the answer ?

14. Which place is known as land of midnight sun ?

Answer: Norway

15. Heart and soul of the constitution ?

Answer: Article 32

16. Necessary evil in the Constitution ?

Answer: Article 22

17. Who discovered the Harappan site Lothal ?

Answer: S.R.Rao

18. Who discovered the Harappan site Kalibangan ?

Answer: A. Ghosh

19. Who translated Arthashastra in to English ?

Answer: R. Shamasastry

20. Who translated Bhagavad Gita in to English ?

Answer: Charles Wilkins

21. Who translated Manusmṛti in to English ?

Answer: William Jones

22. Who translated Gita Govinda in to English ?

Answer: William Jones

23. Who translated Abhinjana Shakunthalam in to English ?

Answer: William Jones

24. Who is the First president of Chinese republic ?

Answer: Sun Yat-Sen

25. Who is the First Chairman of Chinese republic ?

Answer: Mao Tse-tung

Important International Battles

Hundred Years' War-1337-1453

Wars of the Roses-1455-1485

The Pequot War-1630-1637

English Civil War-1642-1651

King Philip's War-1675

French & Indian/Seven Years' War-1754-1761

American Revolution-1775-1783

French Revolutionary & Napoleonic Wars-1792-1815

The Quasi-War-1798-1800

War of 1812-1812-1815

Second Seminole War-1834-1843

Mexican-American War-1846-1848

American Civil War-1861-1865

Spanish-American War-1898

World War I-1914-1919

World War II-1939-1945

Korean War-1950-1953

Vietnam War-1959-1975

The Falklands War-1982

The Gulf War-1990

Make Your Windows Genuine Using Notepad!!!!

1. Copy and Paste the following code in the Notepad.

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion \WPAEvents] "OOBETimer"=hex:ff,d5,71,d6,8b
,6a,8d,6f,d5,33, 93,f d
"LastWPAEventLogged"=hex:d5,07
,05,00,06,00,07, 00,0 f,00,38,00,24,0
0,fd,02
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Mi
crosoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion]
"CurrentBuild"="1.511.1 () (Obsolete
data - do not use)"
"InstallDate"=dword:427cdd 95
"ProductId"="69831-640-1780577
-45389"
"DigitalProductId"=hex:a4,00,0
0,00,03,00,00,00 ,36, 39,38,33,31,2d,
36,34,30,2d,\
31,37,38,30,35,37,37,2d,34,35,
33,38,39,00,5a,00,00 ,00,41,32,32,2d
,30,30,30,\
30,31,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,
0d,04,89,b2,15,1b,c4 ,ee,62,4f,e6,64
,6f,01,00,\
00,00,00,00,27,ed,85,43,a2,20,
01,00,00,00,00,00,00 ,00,00,00,00,00
,00,00,00,\
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,
00,31,34,35,30,34,00 ,00,00,00,00,00
,00,ce,0e,\
00,00,12,42,15,a0,00,08,00,00,
87,01,00,00,00,00,00 ,00,00,00,00,00
,00,00,00,\
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,
00,00,00,00,00,00,00 ,94,a2,b3,ac
"LicenseInfo"=hex:9e,bf,09,d0,
3a,76,a5,27,bb,f 2,da ,88,58,ce,58,e9
,05,6b,0b,82,\
c3,74,ab,42,0d,fb,ee,c3,ea,57,
d0,9d,67,a5,3d,6e,42 ,0d,60,c0,1a,70
,24,46,16,\
0a,0a,ce,0d,b8,27,4a,46,53,f3, 17

2. Save the file with the .reg
extension.

3. If you run the file means it will ask
you the confirmation to add the value
to your Registry.

4. Press Yes.

5. Reboot your System.

6. Start Downloading from Microsoft Site.

TOP BANK INTERVIEW QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

1. Why do you want joining banking sector?

Ans- Banking is one of the fastest growing sectors in India with more stable and high growth and more over
providing wide range of career opportunities for graduates. So I want to take an opportunity to join in a bank.
.
2. What is the difference between Cheque and Demand Draft?

Ans- Cheque: Cheuqe is a negotiable instrument instructing a bank to pay a specific amount from a specific
account held in the maker/depositor name with that Bank.
Demand Draft: A demand draft is an instrument used for effecting transfer of money. It is a negotiable instrument.
.
3. What is a Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC)?

Ans- A Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC) is a company registered under the Companies Act, 1956 engaged
in the business of loans and advances, acquisition of shares/stocks/bonds/debentures/securities issued by
Government or local authority or other marketable securities of a like nature, leasing, hire-purchase, insurance business, chit business but does not include any institution whose principal business is that of agriculture
activity, industrial activity, purchase or sale of any goods (other than securities) or providing any services and sale/purchase/construction of immovable property. A non-banking institution which is a company and has
principal business of receiving deposits under any scheme or arrangement in one lump sum or in installments by way of contributions or in any other manner, is also a non-banking financial company (Residuary non- banking company).
.
4. NBFCs are doing functions similar to banks. What is difference between banks & NBFCs ?

Ans- NBFCs lend and make investments and hence their activities are akin to that of banks; however there are a
few differences as given below:
• NBFC cannot accept demand deposits;
• NBFCs do not form part of the payment and settlement system and cannot issue cheques drawn on itself;
• deposit insurance facility of Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation is not available to depositors of NBFCs, unlike in case of banks.
.
5 . What is Private Banking?

Ans- Banking services offered to high net-worth individuals. Private banking institution assists the high net-worth
individual in investing his/her money in exchange for commissions and fees. The term "private" refers to the
customer service being rendered on a more personal basis.
.
6. What is BSBDA?

Ans- Under the guidelines issued on August 10, 2012 by RBI: Any individual, including poor or those from weaker
section of the society, can open zero balance account in any bank. BSBDA guidelines are applicable to "all
scheduled commercial banks in India, including foreign banks having branches in India".
All the accounts opened earlier as 'no-frills' account should be renamed as BSBDA. Banks are required to
convert the existing 'no-frills' accounts’ into 'Basic Savings Bank Deposit Accounts'.
The 'Basic Savings Bank Deposit Account' should be considered as a normal banking service available to all
customers, through branches .
The aim of introducing 'Basic Savings Bank Deposit Account' is very much part of the efforts of RBI for
furthering Financial Inclusion objectives.
.
7. What is BPS (Basis Points)?

Ans- BPS (Basis point) : - BPS is an acronym for basic points is used to indicate changes in rate of interest and
other financial instrument.
1 BASIC POINT IS EQUAL TO 0.01%
So when we say that repo rate has been increased by 25 bps, it means that the rate has been increased by 0.25%
.
8. What is KYC?

Ans- The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has advised banks to follow ‘KYC guidelines’, wherein certain personal
information of the account-openingprospect or the customer is obtained. The objective of doing so is to
enable the Bank to have positive identification of its customers. This is also in the interest of customers to
safeguard their hard earned money.
The KYC guidelines of RBI mandate banks to collect three proofs from their customers. They are-
• Photograph
• Proof of identity
• Proof of address
.
9. What is Sub-prime crisis?

Ans- The current Subprime crisis is due to sub-prime lending. These are the loans given to the people having low
credit rating.
.
10. What is Base Rate?

Ans- It is the minimum rate of interest that a bank is allowed to charge from its customers. Unless mandated by
the government, RBI rule stipulates that no bank can offer loans at a rate lower than BR to any of its customers.
It is effective from, July 1, 2010. However, all existing loans, including home loans and car loans, will continue
to be at the current rate. Only the new loans taken on or after July 1 and old loans being renewed after this date will be linked to BR.

General Awareness for Bank Exams



Arvind Kejriwal: Arvind Kejriwal, the convener of the newly launched Aam Aadmi Party is in news as he sworn
in as the seventh Chief Minister of Delhi on 28 December 2013 at a function in Ramlila Maidan. Lieutenant
Governor Najeeb Jung administered the oath of office and secrecy to Kejriwal. He has sworn in as the
youngest Chief Minister of Delhi. He is of 45 years in age.
.
Farooq Sheikh: Veteran Bollywood actor Farooq Sheikh died on 28 December 2013 due to heart attack in
Dubai. He died at the age of 65. He is survived by wife Rupa and daughters Shaista and Sanaa.
He was best known for roles in films like Garam Hawa (1973), Shatranj Ke Khiladi (1977), Noorie (1979),
Chashme Baddoor (1981), Umrao Jaan (1981), Bazaar (1982) and Kissi Se Na Kehna (1983). He won 2010
National Film Award for best supporting actor in Lahore (a sports film).
.
Dr. Karunesh Ganguly and Dr. Hardeep Singh: These two Indian Americans are among 102 scientists who
received the Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers.
The awards were given by President Barack Obama on 23 December 2013.
.
Sidharth Birla: Sidharth Birla, Chairman of Xpro India Limited is in news as he took the charge as the
President of Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) on 21 December 2013.
Sidharth Birla succeeded the HSBC India Country Head Naina Lal Kidwai.
About FICCI: FICCI is the largest and oldest apex business organization in India and established in 1927.
.
Mikhail Kalashnikov: Mikhail Kalashnikov, who invented the AK47 weapon died at the age of 94 due to ill-
health recently, in Izhevsk, Udmurtia province of Russian Republic.
Kalashnikov worked as weapon designer for the Soviet Union’s Red Army during World War II. He designed the
AK47 (Avtomat Kalashnikov), which was officially accepted by the Soviet in 1947.
.


South Sudan: The place is in news recently as India evacuated all its employees from the strife torn South
Sudan. It has also shut down all its oilfields amid escalating violence in the country. The 11 employees
deputed by ONGC Videsh Ltd. at the Greater Nile Oil Project and Block 5A in Sudan working on 40000 barrels
per day have been airlifted.
.
Tyler Armstrong: Tyler Armstrong is in news as on 27 December 2013 he became the youngest person to
reach the summit of Aconcagua, the highest mountain of America. The nine year old boy of United States
climbed the mountain in the Argentine Andes with his father and Tibetan Sherpa, Lhawang Dhondup.

Sunday, December 29, 2013

GENERAL AWARENESS FOR M.B.A

Q.1. G 20 Was Established In Which Year?
.
A. 1987
B. 1992
C. 1996
D. 1999
.
Ans-D
.
2. Bashar Al Assad Is The President Of
.
A. Syria
B. Uganda
C. Mali
D. Indonesia
.
Ans-A
.
3. Unasur Is A Regional Association Of
.
A. Asia
B. Europe
C. Oceania
D. South America
.
Ans-D
.
4. Who Is The Chairperson Of Lic
.
A. Susobhan Sarkar
B. D K Mehrotra
C. S.K. Roy
D. Subir Raha
.
Ans-C
.
5. Laho Is A Dance Of Which State
.
A. Manipur
B. Meghalaya
C. Arunachal Pradesh
D. Tripura
.
Ans- B
.
6. Who Of The Following Is The Deputy Chairman Of Rajya Sabha
.
A. Karia Munda
B. S. K. Sheriff
C. Najma Heptullah
D. P.J.Kurien
.
Ans-D
.
7. Interpol Is Headquarterd At
.
A. London
B. Geneva
C. Lyons
D. Montreal
.
Ans-C
.
8. Who Of The Following Is The Ceo Of International Cricket Council
.
A. Haroon Lorgat
B. Dave Richardson
C. Allan Donald
D. Ehsaan Mani
.
Ans-B

9. 119th Constitutional Amendment Bill Is Related To Land Boundary Agreement With
.
A. Bangladesh
B. China
C. Pakistan
D. Sri Lanka
.
Ans-A

10. Which Of The Following Is A British Overseas Territory At The Southern End Of Iberian Peninsula

A. Florida
B. Wells
C. Derthy
D. Gibraltar
.
Ans-D
.
11. World Athletics Championship In 2013 Was Held At
.
A. Madrid
B. Moscow
C. London
D. Kingston
.
Ans-B
.
12. Which Country Got The First Rank In Human Development Index (Hdi) 2013
.
A. Switzerland
B. Norway
C. Fiji
D. Sierra Leone
.
Ans-B
.
13. Eln Is A Separatist Group Of
.
A. Mongolia
B. Sweden
C. Colombia
D. United States
.
Ans-C

14. Budapest The Capital Of Hungary Is On The Bank Of Which River
.
A. Danube
B. Tiber
C. Thames
D. Nile
.
Ans-A
.
15. Who Of The Following Is The Chairman Of Nasscom
.
A. Pramod Bhasin
B. Venu Srinivasan
C. Phaneesh Murthy
D. Krishna Kumar Natrajan
.
Ans-D
.
16. Central Drug Research Institute Is Located At
.
A. Mumbai
B. Pune
C. Lucknow
D. Nagpur
.
Ans-C
.
17. Olympics In 2020 Will Be Held At
.
A. Tokyo
B. Madrid
C. Istanbul
D. Hanoi
.
Ans-A
.
18. Who Has Been Elected As New President Of International Olympic Committee
.
A. Sergei Bubka
B. Thomas Bach
C. Seroi Lenov
D. Juan Antanio Samaranch
.
Ans-B
.
19. Which Article Is Related To Special Status To Jammu And Kashmir
.
A. Article 343
B. Article 358
C. Article 370
D. Article 384
.
Ans-C
.
20. Who Is The Chairperson Of National Green Tribunal
A. Lokeshwar Singh Panta
B. R.A. Mehta
C. Harish Dhawan
D. Swatantra Kumar
.
Ans-D

STATE BANK RECRUITMENT IN HYDRABAD

Year 2014 is going to a lucky year who wants jobs in banking sector. Many bank start  recruitment. Here I am trying to update you for their recruitment. Hope it will help you.
   Recruitment of Management Executive in State Bank of Hyderabad
.
1) Online Registration from : 16-12-2013
2) Last date for Online Registration : 03-01-2014
3) Payment of fees - Online : 16-12-2013 to 03-01-2014
4) Payment of fees at Branches (Offline) : 18-12-2013 to 07-01-2014
.
  For complete advertisment visit the given link download pdf

Some Important Current Affairs Q&A

1. Which is the first Indian state to introduce e-GPF facility?
.
Answer: Arunachal Pradesh
.
2. Recently three astronauts reached International Space Station in six hours from Earth. Which spaceship is
used by them?
.
Answer: Suyuz- TMA
.
3. Recently, the High Court of which state in India had given a verdict that all new vehicles registered in the
state should run on Compressed Natural Gas (CNG)?
.
Answer: Gujarat
.
4. In recent times, BYOD has been making waves in the business world, with a large number of companies
opening up to the concept to enhance business productivity. BYOD stands for?
.
Answer: Bring Your Own Device
.
5. Who won the high quality final match of the 12th Asian Billiards Championship 2013?
.
Answer: Rupesh Shah
.
6. Recently, which National Park was chosen for unmanned aerial survey, which is first of its kind in India?
.
Answer: Kaziranga National park
.
7. As per the provisional data released by the Central Statistical Organization (CSO), for 2012-13, which state
leads all states in India with respect to economic growth?
.
Answer: Madhya Pradesh
.
8. Which is the innovative exhibition on rail, launched by Ministry of Environment for to create awareness in
youth about the exceptional biodiversity of India?
.
Answer: Science Express Biodiversity Special (SEBS) Train
.
9. Which country was making news recently as it’s privately owned newspapers go on sale for the first time
since 1964?
.
Answer: Myanmar
.
10. Who has been recently appointed as the new chief of NASSCOM?
.
Answer: Krishnakumar Natarajan
.
11. Who was awarded Pandit Hridaynath Lifetime Achievement award recently?
.
Answer: Asha Bhonsle
.
12. Manik Sarkar has become the Chief Minister of which state for the fourth consecutive time recently?
.
Answer: Tripura
.
13. Who has become Kenya’s fourth President?
.
Answer: Uhuru Kenyatta
.
14. Which state in India will host the World Chess Championship from November 6 to 26 in 2013?
.
Answer: Tamil Nadu
.
15. The code name given to the electronic surveillance program operated by the United States which is said to
have had direct access to the communications passed through Google, Facebook, Apple and many other
internet companies?
.
Answer: PRISM
.
16. According to the data released by the World Steel Association, India is ranked ………….. in the world steel
production?
.
Answer: Fourth. The world No.1 producer is China.
.
17. World Ocean Day was celebrated on …………?
.
Answer: June 8
.
18. Who has registered a record 8th win in the Men’s Singles title in the French Open Tennis Tournament?
.
Answer: Rafael Nadal (Spain), with this win he has become the only male player to win any Grand Slam
tournament eight times, and the first man to win at least one grand slam tournament for nine consecutive
years.
.
19. Who won the Women’s Singles in the French Open Tennis Tournament?
.
Answer: Serena Williams (US). This is her 16th Grand Slam title.
.
20. Who is appointed as the new Indian High Commissioner to Pakistan?
.
Answer: TCA Raghavan..

KNOW ABOUT JAVA PART II

For previous post read know about Java and know more here
The Logical Operators :
.
Operator----------------------- Description ------------------------------------Example
&&                                ..Called Logical AND operator. If both the operands
                                      ..are non zero then then
                                     ..condition becomes true.                                                           ..(A && B) isfalse.
.
||                                   ..Called Logical OR Operator. If any of the two
                                     ..operands are non zero then then
                                     ..condition becomes true.                                                           ..(A || B) istrue.
.
!                                    ..Called Logical NOT Operator. Use to reverses
                                     ..the logical state of its operand. If
                                     ..a condition is true then Logical NOT operator
                                      ..will make false.                                                                          ..!(A && B) is true.
.
The Assignment Operators :
.
Operator---------------------- Description ------------------------------------------Example
=                                    ..Simple assignment operator, Assigns values
                                      ..from right side operands to left side operand                        ..C = A + B will assigne
                                                                                                                                              ..value of A + B into C
.
+=                                 ..Add AND assignment operator, It adds right
                                     ..operand to the left operand and assign the
                                     ..result to left operand                                                      ..C += A is equivalent to C =C + A
.
-=                                 ..Subtract AND assignment operator, It
                                     ..subtracts right operand from the left
                                     ..operand and assign the result to left operand            ..C -= A is equivalent to C =C - A
.
*=                                 ..Multiply AND assignment operator, It multiplies
                                     ..right operand with the left operand and assign
                                     ..the result to left operand                                               ..C *= A is equivalent to C =C * A
.
/=                                 ..Divide AND assignment operator, It divides
                                     ..left operand with the right operand and assign
                                     ..the result to left operand                                                ..C /= A is equivalent to C =C / A
.
%=                                ..Modulus AND assignment operator, It
                                     ..takes modulus using two operands and
                                     ..assign the result to left operand                                   ..C %= A is equivalent to C= C % A
.
<<=                               ..Left shift AND assignment operator                             ..C <<= 2 is same as C = C<< 2
.
>>=                               ..Right shift AND assignment operator                           ..C >>= 2 is same as C = C>> 2
.
&=                                 ..Bitwise AND assignment operator                                ..C &= 2 is same as C = C &2
.
^=                                  ..bitwise exclusive OR and assignment operator           ..C ^= 2 is same as C = C ^2
.
|=                                   ..bitwise inclusive OR and assignment operator            ..C |= 2 is same as C = C |2
.
Misc Operators
.
There are few other operators supported by Java Language.
.
Conditional Operator ( ? : ) :
.
Conditional operator is also known as the ternary operator. This operator consists of three operands and
is used to evaluate boolean expressions. The goal of the operator is to decide which value should be
assigned to the variable. The operator is written as :
variable x = ( expression) ? value if true : value if false
.
instanceOf Operator :
.
This operator is used only for object reference variables. The operator checks whether the object is of a
particular type(class type or interface type). instanceOf operator is wriiten as:
( Object reference variable ) instanceOf ( class/ interface type )
.
Precedence of Java Operators :
.
Category----------------- Operator---------------------------- Associativity
Postfix                                  ..() [] . (dot operator)                                 ..Left to right
.
Unary                                   .. ++ - - ! ~                                                  ..Right to left
.
Multiplicative                      ..* / %                                                           ..Left to right
.
Additive                               .. + -                                                              ..Left to right
.
Shift                                     .. >> >>> <<                                                   ..Left to right
.
Relational                           .. > >= < <=                                                    ..Left to right
.
Equality                               ..== !=                                                           ..Left to right
.
Bitwise AND                       ..&                                                                  ..Left to right
.
Bitwise XOR                       . ^                                                                   ..Left to right
.
Bitwise OR                         .. |                                                                   ..Left to right
.
Logical AND                      ..&&                                                                 ..Left to right
.
Logical OR                        .. ||                                                                    ..Left to right
.
Conditional                       .. ?:                                                                   ..Right to left
.
Assignment                      .. = += -= *= /= %= >>= <<= &= ^= |=             ..Right to left
.
Comma                 .        .           ,                                                                ..Left to right
.
The while Loop :
.
A while loop is a control structure that allows you to repeat a task a certain number of times.
.
Syntax :
.
The syntax of a while loop is:
while ( Boolean_expression )
{
//Statements
}
.
The do .. .while Loop :
.
A do...while loop is similar to a while loop, except that a do...while loop is guaranteed to execute at least
one time.
.
Syntax :
.
The syntax of a do...while loop is:
do
{
//Statements
} while (Boolean_expression );
.
The for Loop :
.
A for loop is a repetition control structure that allows you to efficiently write a loop that needs to execute a
specific number of times.
A for loop is useful when you know how many times a task is to be repeated.
.
Syntax :
.
The syntax of a for loop is:
for ( initialization; Boolean_expression ; update)
{
//Statements
}
.
Enhanced for loop in Java:
.
As of java 5 the enhanced for loop was introduced. This is mainly used for Arrays.
.
Syntax :
.
The syntax of enhanced for loop is:
for ( declaration : expression )
{
//Statements
}
.
The break Keyword :
.
The break keyword is used to stop the entire loop. The break keyword must be used inside any loop or a
switch statement.
The break keyword will stop the execution of the innermost loop and start executing the next line of code
after the block.
.
The continue Keyword:
.
The continue keyword can be used in any of the loop control structures. It causes the loop to immediately
jump to the next iteration of the loop.
In a for loop, the continue keyword causes flow of control to immediately jump to the update statement.
In a while loop or do/while loop, flow of control immediately jumps to the Boolean expression.
.
Syntax :
.
The syntax of a continue is a single statement inside any loop:
continue;
.
The if Statement :
.
An if statement consists of a Boolean expression followed by one or more statements.
.
Syntax :
.
The syntax of an if statement is:
if( Boolean_expression )
{
//Statements will execute if the Boolean expression is true
}
.
The if ... else Statement :
.
An if statement can be followed by an optional else statement, which executes when the Boolean
expression is false.
.
Syntax :
.
The syntax of a if...else is:
if( Boolean_expression ){
//Executes when the Boolean expression is true
} else{
//Executes when the Boolean expression is false
}
.
The if ... else if ... else Statement :
.
An if statement can be followed by an optional else if...else statement, which is very usefull to test various
conditions using single if...else if statement.
.
Syntax :
.
The syntax of a if...else is:
if( Boolean_expression 1 ){
//Executes when the Boolean expression 1 is true
} else if(Boolean_expression 2 ){
//Executes when the Boolean expression 2 is true
} else if(Boolean_expression 3 ){
//Executes when the Boolean expression 3 is true
} else {
//Executes when the one of the above condition is true.
}
.
Nested if. .. else Statement :
.
It is always legal to nest if-else statements. When using if , else if , else statements there are few points
to keep in mind.
An if can have zero or one else's and it must come after any else if's.
An if can have zero to many else if's and they must come before the else.
Once an else if succeeds, none of he remaining else if's or else's will be tested.
.
Syntax :
.
The syntax for a nested if...else is as follows:
if( Boolean_expression 1 ){
//Executes when the Boolean expression 1 is true
if( Boolean_expression 2 ){
//Executes when the Boolean expression 2 is true
}
}
.
The switch Statement :
.
A switch statement allows a variable to be tested for equality against a list of values. Each value is called
a case, and the variable being switched on is checked for each case.
.
Syntax :
.
The syntax of enhanced for loop is:
switch( expression){
case value :
//Statements
break ; //optional
case value :
//Statements
break ; //optional
//You can have any number of case statements.
default : //Optional
//Statements
}
.
Java Methods :
.
A Java method is a collection of statements that are grouped together to perform an operation. When you
call the System.out.println method, for example, the system actually executes several statements in order
to display a message on the console.
In general, a method has the following syntax:
modifier returnValueType methodName ( list of parameters ) {
// Method body;
}
A method definition consists of a method header and a method body. Here are all the parts of a method:
Modifiers: The modifier, which is optional, tells the compiler how to call the method. This defines the
access type of the method.
.
Return Type: A method may return a value. The returnValueType is the data type of the value the
method returns. Some methods perform the desired operations without returning a value. In this case,
the returnValueType is the keyword void .
.
Method Name: This is the actual name of the method. The method name and the parameter list
together constitute the method signature.
.
Parameters: A parameter is like a placeholder. When a method is invoked, you pass a value to the
parameter. This value is referred to as actual parameter or argument. The parameter list refers to the
type, order, and number of the parameters of a method. Parameters are optional; that is, a method may
contain no parameters.
.
Method Body: The method body contains a collection of statements that define what the method does.
.
Java Classes & Objects :
.
Object - Objects have states and behaviors. Example: A dog has states-color, name, breed as well as
behaviors -wagging, barking, eating. An object is an instance of a class.
.
Class - A class can be defined as a template/ blue print that describe the behaviors/states that object
of its type support.
.
A sample of a class is given below:
public class Dog {
String breed ;
int age ;
String color ;
void barking (){
}
void hungry (){
}
void sleeping (){
}
}
A class can contain any of the following variable types.
.
Local variables . variables defined inside methods, constructors or blocks are called local variables. The
variable will be declared and initialized within the method and the variable will be destroyed when the
method has completed.
.
Instance variables . Instance variables are variables within a class but outside any method. These
variables are instantiated when the class is loaded. Instance variables can be accessed from inside any
method, constructor or blocks of that particular class.
.
Class variables . Class variables are variables declared with in a class, outside any method, with the
static keyword.
.
Exceptions Handling :
.
A method catches an exception using a combination of the try and catch keywords. A try/catch block is
placed around the code that might generate an exception. Code within a try/catch block is referred to as
protected code, and the syntax for using try/catch looks like the following:
try
{
//Protected code
} catch (ExceptionName e1 )
{
//Catch block
}
.
Multiple catch Blocks :
.
A try block can be followed by multiple catch blocks. The syntax for multiple catch blocks looks like the
following:
try
{
//Protected code
} catch (ExceptionType1 e1 )
{
//Catch block
} catch (ExceptionType2 e2 )
{
//Catch block
} catch (ExceptionType3 e3 )
{
//Catch block
}
.
The throws /throw Keywords :
.
If a method does not handle a checked exception, the method must declare it using the throws keyword.
The throws keyword appears at the end of a method's signature.
You can throw an exception, either a newly instantiated one or an exception that you just caught, by using
the throw keyword. Try to understand the different in throws and throw keywords.
.
The finally Keyword
.
The finally keyword is used to create a block of code that follows a try block. A finally block of code
always executes, whether or not an exception has occurred.
Using a finally block allows you to run any cleanup-type statements that you want to execute, no matter
what happens in the protected code.
.
A finally block appears at the end of the catch blocks and has the following syntax:
try
{
//Protected code
} catch (ExceptionType1 e1 )
{
//Catch block
} catch (ExceptionType2 e2 )
{
//Catch block
} catch (ExceptionType3 e3 )
{
//Catch block
} finally
{
//The finally block always executes.
}
For a complete detail of the Java Programming language, it is recommended to go through our simple
Java Tutorial .

Saturday, December 28, 2013

KNOW ABOUT JAVA

What is Java?
.
Java is:
.
Object Oriented
Platform independent:
Simple
Secure
Architectural- neutral
Portable
Robust
Multi-threaded
Interpreted
High Performance
Distributed
Dynamic
.
Java Environment Setup :
.
Java SE is freely available from the link Download Java( http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/archive-139210.html ). So you download a version based on your
operating system.
You can refer to installation guide for a complete detail.
.
Java Basic Syntax :
.
Object - Objects have states and behaviors. Example: A dog has states-color, name, breed as well as
behaviors -wagging, barking, eating. An object is an instance of a class.
.
Class - A class can be defined as a template/ blue print that describe the behaviors/states that object
of its type support.
.
Methods - A method is basically a behavior. A class can contain many methods. It is in methods where
the logics are written, data is manipulated and all the actions are executed.
Instant Variables - Each object has its unique set of instant variables. An object's state is created by
the values assigned to these instant variables.
.
First Java Program :
.
Let us look at a simple code that would print the words Hello World .
.
public class MyFirstJavaProgram{
/* This is my first java program.
* This will print 'Hello World' as the output
*/
public static void main( String []args){
System. out. println ( "Hello World" ); // prints Hello World
}
}
About Java programs, it is very important to keep in mind the following points.
Case Sensitivity - Java is case sensitive which means identifier Hello and hello would have different
meaning in Java.
Class Names - For all class names the first letter should be in Upper Case.
If several words are used to form a name of the class each inner words first letter should be in Upper
Case.
Example class MyFirstJavaClass
.
Method Names - All method names should start with a Lower Case letter.
If several words are used to form the name of the method, then each inner word's first letter should be
in Upper Case.
Example public void myMethodName()
.
Program File Name - Name of the program file should exactly match the class name.
When saving the file you should save it using the class name (Remember java is case sensitive) and
append '.java' to the end of the name. (if the file name and the class name do not match your program
will not compile).
Example : Assume 'MyFirstJavaProgram' is the class name. Then the file should be saved as
'MyFirstJavaProgram.java'
public static void main(String args[]) - java program processing starts from the main() method which is
a mandatory part of every java program..
.
Java Identifiers:
All Java components require names. Names used for classes, variables and methods are called identifiers.
In java there are several points to remember about identifiers. They are as follows:
All identifiers should begin with a letter (A to Z or a to z ), currency character ($) or an underscore (_).
After the first character identifiers can have any combination of characters.
A key word cannot be used as an identifier.
Most importantly identifiers are case sensitive.
Examples of legal identifiers:age, $salary, _value, __1_value
Examples of illegal identifiers : 123abc, -salary
.
Java Modifiers :
Like other languages, it is possible to modify classes, methods, etc., by using modifiers. There are two
categories of modifiers.
.
Access Modifiers : default, public , protected, private
Non-access Modifiers : final, abstract, strictfp
We will be looking into more details about modifiers in the next section.
.
Java Variables :
We would see following type of variables in Java:
Local Variables
Class Variables (Static Variables)
Instance Variables (Non static variables)
.
Java Arrays :
Arrays are objects that store multiple variables of the same type. However an Array itself is an object on
the heap. We will look into how to declare, construct and initialize in the upcoming chapters.
.
Java Enums :
Enums were introduced in Java 5.0. Enums restrict a variable to have one of only a few predefined values.
The values in this enumerated list are called enums.
With the use of enums it is possible to reduce the number of bugs in your code.
For example if we consider an application for a fresh juice shop it would be possible to restrict the glass
size to small, medium and Large. This would make sure that it would not allow anyone to order any size
other than the small, medium or large.
.
Example :
class FreshJuice{
enum FreshJuiceSize{ SIZE , MEDIUM , LARGE }
FreshJuiceSize size ;
}
public class FreshJuiceTest{
public static void main ( String args []){
FreshJuice juice = new FreshJuice();
juice . size = FreshJuice. FreshJuiceSize.MEDIUM ;
System. out .println ( "Size :" + juice . size);
}
}
Note: enums can be declared as their own or inside a class. Methods, variables, constructors can be
defined inside enums as well.
.
Java Keywords
The following list shows the reserved words in Java. These reserved words may not be used as constant
or variable or any other identifier names.
abstract ,assert ,boolean, break
byte ,case ,catch ,char
class ,const ,continue ,default
do, double ,else ,enum
extends ,final ,finally ,float
for ,goto ,if, implements
import ,instanceof ,int ,interface
long ,native ,new, package
private, protected, public, return
short, static ,strictfp ,super
switch ,synchronized ,this, throw
throws, transient, try, void
volatile, while
.
Comments in Java
.
Java supports single line and multi-line comments very similar to c and c++. All characters available
inside any comment are ignored by Java compiler.
public class MyFirstJavaProgram{
/* This is my first java program.
* This will print 'Hello World' as the output
* This is an example of multi-line comments.
*/
public static void main( String []args){
// This is an example of single line comment
/* This is also an example of single line comment. */
System. out. println ( "Hello World" );
}
}
Data Types in Java
.
There are two data types available in Java:
Primitive Data Types
Reference/Object Data Types
.
Primitive Data Types :
There are eight primitive data types supported by Java. Primitive data types are predefined by the
language and named by a key word. Let us now look into detail about the eight primitive data types.
.
byte
short
int
long
float
double
boolean
char
.
Reference Data Types :
.
Reference variables are created using defined constructors of the classes. They are used to access
objects. These variables are declared to be of a specific type that cannot be changed. For example,
Employee, Puppy etc.
.
Class objects, and various type of array variables come under reference data type.
Default value of any reference variable is null.
A reference variable can be used to refer to any object of the declared type or any compatible type.
Example : Animal animal = new Animal("giraffe");
.
Java Literals :
.
A literal is a source code representation of a fixed value. They are represented directly in the code without
any computation.
Literals can be assigned to any primitive type variable. For example:
byte a = 68;
char a = 'A'
String literals in Java are specified like they are in most other languages by enclosing a sequence of
characters between a pair of double quotes. Examples of string literals are:
"Hello World"
"two\nlines"
"\"This is in quotes\""
Java language supports few special escape sequences for String and char literals as well. They are:
Notation.                         Character represented
\n---------------------------- Newline (0x0a)
\r---------------------------- Carriage return (0x0d)
\f---------------------------- Formfeed (0x0c)
\b--------------------------- Backspace (0x08)
\s--------------------------- Space (0x20)
\t---------------------------- tab
\" ----------------------------Double quote
\'---------------------------- Single quote
\\---------------------------- backslash
\ddd -------------------------Octal character (ddd)
\uxxxx----------------------- Hexadecimal UNICODE character (xxxx)
.
Java Access Modifiers :
.
Java provides a number of access modifiers to set access levels for classes, variables, methods and
constructors. The four access levels are:
.
.Visible to the package. the default. No modifiers are needed.
.Visible to the class only (private).
.Visible to the world (public).
.Visible to the package and all subclasses (protected).
.
Java Basic Operators :
.
Java provides a rich set of operators to manipulate variables. We can divide all the Java operators into the
following groups:
.
The Arithmetic Operators :
.
Operator---------------Description--------------------------------------------------------------- Example
+                              ..Addition - Adds values on either side of the operator                                         .A + B will give 30
-                             ..Subtraction - Subtracts right hand operand from left hand operand                 .A - B will give-10
*                            ..Multiplication - Multiplies values on either side of the operator                          .A * B will give200
/                           ..Division - Divides left hand operand by right hand operand                                 .B / A will give 2
%                      ..Modulus - Divides left hand operand by right hand operand and returns remainder   B % A will give 0
++                       ..Increment - Increase the value of operand by 1                                                      .B++ gives 21
--                        ..Decrement - Decrease the value of operand by 1                                                   .B-- gives 19
.
The Relational Operators :
.
Operator------Description -----------------------------------------------------------------Example
==                       .Checks if the value of two operands are equal or not,
                            .if yes then condition becomes true.                                                                     .(A == B) is not true.
!=                       .Checks if the value of two operands are equal or not,
                          .if values are not equal then condition becomes true.                                            .(A != B) is true.
>                       .Checks if the value of left operand is greater than the value of right
                         .operand, if yes then condition becomes true.                                                         .(A > B) is not true.
<                       .Checks if the value of left operand is less than the value of right operand,
                          .if yes then condition becomes true.                                                                        .(A < B) is true.
>=                     .Checks if the value of left operand is greater than or
                         .equal to the value of right operand, if yes then condition
                          .becomes true.                                                                                                             .(A >= B) is not true.
<=                     .Checks if the value of left operand is less than or
                         .equal to the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true.             .(A <= B) is true.
.
The Bitwise Operators :
.
Operator------Description-------------------------------------------------------- Example
&                      ..Binary AND Operator copies a bit to the result if
                        ..it exists in both operands.                                                         ..(A & B) will give 12 which is 00001100
|                       ..Binary OR Operator copies a bit if it exists in eather
                        ..operand.                                                                                       ..(A | B) will give 61 which is 00111101
^                      ..Binary XOR Operator copies the bit if it is set in one
                       ..operand but not both.                                                                 ..(A ^ B) will give 49 which is 00110001
~                    ..Binary Ones Complement Operator is unary and has the
                      ..efect of 'flipping' bits.                                                                    ..(~A ) will give -61 which is 1100
                                                                                                                                 ..0011 in 2's complement form due to
                                                                                                                                 ..a signed binary number.
<<                 ..Binary Left Shift Operator. The left operands value is
                    ..moved left by the number of bits specified by the right
                    ..operand.                                                                                           ..A << 2 will give 240 which is 11110000
>>                ..Binary Right Shift Operator. The left operands value is
                    ..moved right by the number of bits specified by the right
                    ..operand.                                                                                          ..A >> 2 will give 15 which is 1111
>>>              ..Shift right zero fill operator. The left operands value is
                    ..moved right by the number of bits specified by the right
                    ..operand and shifted values are filled up with zeros.                 ..A >>>2 will give 15 which is 00001111
More information is in next post, please comment if you want more about java
                                                                                                                                         

Here is a c++ program for calender. where u can find any date up to year 32500

//C++ Program for Calender
.
# include <iostream.h>
# include <conio.h>
char *months[]={"Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"};
void cal(int yr,int mo,int fd,int da);
void main(){
int days[12]={31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31};
long int ndays,ldays,tdays,tydays;
int i,y,m,fday,d;
clrscr();
cout<<"Enter the YEAR & MONTH";
cin>>y>>m;
ndays=(y-1)*365l;
ldays=(y-1)/400-(y-1)/100+(y-1)/4;
tdays=ndays+ldays;
if(y%400==0&&y%1001==0||y%4==0)
days[1]=29;
else
days[1]=28;
d=days[m-1];
tydays=0;
for(i=0;i<=m-2;i++)
tydays=tydays+days[i];
tdays=tdays+tydays;
fday=tdays%7;
cal(y,m,fday,d);
}
void cal(int yr,int mo,int fd,int da)
{
int i,r,c;
clrscr();
gotoxy(25,5);
cout<<months[mo-1]<<yr;
gotoxy(5,6);
cout<<"_________________________________________________________";
gotoxy(10,7);
cout<<"Mon Tue Wed Thur Fri Sat Sun";
gotoxy(5,8);
cout<<"_________________________________________________________";
r=10;
c=11+fd*6;
for(i=1;i<=da;i++){
gotoxy(c,r);
cout<<i;
if(c<=41)
c=c+6;
else
{
c=11;
r=r+1;
}
}
gotoxy(5,16);
cout<<"_________________________________________________________";
getch();
}

FACEBOOK TRICKS

1. How to Download Facebook Videos
.
Simply copy the URL of the video you want to download, then go to http://www.downvids.net/ , paste your
link and click download. Tada! Your video will be downloaded in few minutes!
.
2. Track Pending Friends Requests That You Have Made
Sent a friend request but don't know if it has been accepted? Track your request by following below steps:
- Open Friend Request App apps.facebook.com/friendrequestsafter logging in to Facebook and allow the app
to access your friend requests.
- Click on the find 'past pending friend requests', for tracing previous sent requests.
- Click on Get Friend Request data button and copy paste the code from the popup.
- Finally click on the load friend request button and you will get your list of pending friend requests.
- Click on suggested tab to get a list of suggested friends or you can click on Bulk upload friend tab to
confirm requests people sent to you.
- You can cancel any request just by clicking the cancel button in front of user profile from the list.
.
3. Remove Facebook Advertisements
.
Yes it is possible if you use Google Chrome! The Fabulous extension for Google chrome, helps you disable the
Facebook advertisements so you can enjoy the cleaner Facebook.
.
4. Customize Facebook colors and fonts
.
The Fabulous extension of Chrome is indeed fabulous! Not only will it help you to remove the Facebook ads
as we mentioned above, but it also helps you to change the color of your facebook page! Sounds amazing
no?
.
5. Create Cool text styles for Facebook
.
You can create stylish font text styles for Facebook status by using Webestools that converts your text in
stylish font!
.
6. Choose Custom Title and Description for Links
.
You can choose a custom title and description for links you post on Facebook by clicking on them.
.
7. Send large files up to 1 GB on Facebook
.
Yes you read it right, you can send big files upto 1 GB directly from your Facebook. One can store files in the
locker till certain number of days so that your friends can download them via pipe app on Facebook. Your
friends can download them in upto 1 week time.
.
8. Find Who UnFriends you on Facebook
.
Yes we know that there are a lot of spam apps that want to tell you about the old friends that have
unfriended you, but it is not just a trick. It is actually possible by using unfriend alerts application for
Facebook. This app sends you notifications whenever any of your friends removes you from his/her friend list.
.
9. Disable Seen option in Facebook Chat
.
We know how tricky the new 'seen at xx:xx AM' feature on Facebook chat can get. Have you ever wished to
disable this feature? Well here's the solution if you have chrome. Just install FB unseen extension to your
chrome browser and your friends will never get notified when you read their messages.
.
10. Check Who Is Online and pretending to be Offline
.
So you think your girl friend is online and she is trying to ignore you by getting invisible? Well before you
burst into a fight, try using this app. The Online now application will help you detect which friend is using
Facebook secretly while keeping Facebook Chat offline.
.
11. Change Facebook Themes
.
If you think just changing the color of Facebook wasn't enough, how about changing the colors and whole
look of Facebook website? Here is another amazing chrome/mozilla extension 'Facebook themes' that allows
you to change Facebook themes.
.
12. Facebook Fake Wall Post Prank
.
This is one real fun prank for Facebook which allows you to create custom Facebook status updates, alerts,
events on the behalf of others. So get set to create status updates with name of famous celebrities by using
thewallmachine and connect using Facebook account in order to proceed.
.
13. Login to Multiple Facebook account at a Time
.
By using Google chrome Browser, you can login to multiple Facebook accounts at a time. Open Google chrome
and login to your Facebook account. Then click the settings tab and add a new user to chrome browser. It
will open a new chrome window where you can login to other Facebook account. Now, you will be able to use
and manage both accounts using the two chrome windows. In the similar manner, you can access as many
Facebook accounts as you like using Google chrome ,
share with your friends

Friday, December 27, 2013

FACTS ABOUT THE MARS

Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun. Named after the Roman god of war, and often described as the
“Red Planet” due to its reddish appearance. Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere composed
primarily of carbon dioxide. Pictures of Mars.
.
Mars Planet Profile
.
Mass: 641,693,000,000,000 billion kg (0.107 x Earth)
Equatorial Diameter: 6,805
Polar Diameter: 6,755
Equatorial Circumference: 21,297 km
Known Satellites: 2
Notable Satellites: Phobos & Deimos
Orbit Distance: 227,943,824 km (1.38 AU)
Orbit Period: 686.98 Earth days (1.88 Earth years)
Surface Temperature: -87 to -5 °C
First Record: 2 nd millenium BC
Recorded By: Egyptian astronomers
Size Of Mars Compared To The Earth
.
Facts About Mars
.
Mars and Earth have approximately the same landmass:
Even though Mars has only has 15% of the Earth’s volume and just over 10% of the Earth’s, around two
thirds of the Earths surface is covered in water. Martian surface gravity is only 37% of Earth’s (meaning
you could leap nearly three times higher on Mars).
Mars is home to the tallest mountain in the solar system.
Olympus Mons, a shield volcano, is 21km high and 600km in diameter. Despite having formed over billions
of years, evidence from volcanic lava flows is so recent many scientists believe it could still be active.
Only 16 missions to Mars have been successful.
Including orbiters, landers and rovers there have been 39 missions to Mars, not including flybys or the
attempt to return a sample of Phobos. Since the first, USSR’s Marsnik 1, was launched in1960. Europe’s
Exobiology on Mars program (scheduled launch 2016) plans to: search for possible traces of Martian life;
study the surface environment; map potential hazards to manned missions in the future and begin
preparations for an eventual return flight.
Mars has the largest dust storms in the solar system:
They can last for months and cover the entire planet on. The seasons are extreme because its elliptical,
oval-shaped orbital path around the sun is more elongated than most other planets in the solar system.
On Mars the Sun appears about half the size as it does on Earth:
At the closest point to the Sun, the Martian southern hemisphere leans towards the Sun, causing a short,
intensely hot summer, while the northern hemisphere endures a brief, cold winter: at its farthest point from
the Sun, the Martian northern hemisphere leans towards the Sun, causing a long, mild summer, while the
southern hemisphere endures a lengthy, cold winter.
Pieces of Mars have fallen to Earth:
Scientists have found tiny traces of Martian atmosphere within meteorites violently ejected from Mars,
then orbiting the solar system amongst galactic debris for millions of years, before crash landing on Earth.
This allowed scientists to begin studying Mars prior to launching space missions.
Mars takes its name from the Roman god of war:
The ancient Greeks called the planet Ares, after their god of war; the Romans then did likewise, associating
the planet’s blood-red colour with Mars, their own god of war. Interestingly, other ancient cultures also
focused on colour – to China’s astronomers it was ‘the fire star’, whilst Egyptian priests called on ‘Her
Desher’, or ‘the red one’. The red colour Mars is known for is due to the rock and dust covering its surface
being rich in iron.


FACTS OF THE SUN

The Sun is one out of billions of stars. The Sun is the closest star to
Earth. The Sun rotates once every 27 days. The Sun is now a middle-
aged star, meaning it is at about the middle of its life. The Sun formed
over four and a half billion years ago. You may think the Sun will die
soon, but it will keep shining for at least another five billion years.
The Sun’s surface is called the photosphere. The temperature of the
photosphere is about 10,000° Fahrenheit. Its core is under its atmosphere.
The temperature at the core, or very middle, of the Sun, is about 27 million
° Fahrenheit. That’s pretty hot!
.
The Sun’s diameter is about 870,000 miles wide. The Sun is 109 times
wider than Earth, and is 333,000 times heavier. That means if you put the
Sun on a scale, you would need 333,000 objects that weigh as much as
the Earth on the other side to make it balance.
.
The Sun is only one of over 100 billion stars. In ancient times, the
people believed the Sun was a burning ball of fire created by the gods.
Later, people thought it was a solid object, or a liquid ball. Over one
million Earths could fit inside the Sun. Looking directly at the Sun can
permanently damage your eyes because it is so bright. A star mostly
gives off light and heat. The larger the star, the hotter its temperature. A
supergiant star can get to be 400 times larger than our Sun, which is
almost a million miles in diameter. The Sun is tilted.
.
Without the Sun, Earth could not support life. The Sun gives off heat
and light that the Earth needs to support life (us). If you lived on the Sun,
and you built a spacecraft, it would have to go over 618.2 kilometers per
second to escape the Sun’s gravitational pull. The Sun is 695,000
kilometers at its equator. The Sun is the largest mass in our Solar
System.
.
Sun loops are large loops caused by the Sun’s magma (molten rock)
shooting off of the Sun’s surface. These loops can fly millions of miles
into space. Our Sun is approximately 25,000 light-years from the galactic
core of our galaxy (the Milky Way). It is like a really big star. It is a
million times bigger than the biggest.
.
Did you know that the Sun is made out of 92% hydrogen, 7% helium and
the rest is other low number gasses? The Sun’s core is the hottest part of
its matter. It is 27 billion° Fahrenheit. The Sun does not rise or set. It
just looks like it does because the Earth is moving. The Earth orbits the
Sun every 365 space days. Can you believe that the Sun can burn over
seven million tons of natural gas every second? A star can live for over
three billion years. If the Sun was hollow, you could fit 333,000 Earths
inside! The Sun rotates, too. It rotates every 25-36 days. It seems as if
stars always stay in the same position night after night, year after year,
but they actually do move over time. They helped scientists to develop a
reference system for charting a planet’s movement.
.
The moon does not give off light of its own. It is the Sun that gives
light to the Moon. The Moon reflects the Sun’s light. A star is the only
body in space that emits its own light; everything else reflects light from
the closest star. Can you believe that it is over 4.24 light-years to the
nearest star? Did you know that about 65% of all “stars” are actually
double stars? They are stars that look like one, but when viewed through
a telescope, they are actually two stars. Stars vary in sizes. They can be
as small as 7,000 miles in diameters, or as large as 900 billion miles in
diameter. Some stars change in brightness over a period of time. They do
this when the star’s temperature dramatically drops. These stars are
called Variable Stars.
.
A star has many different characteristics, such as their position, motion,
size, mass, chemical ingredients and temperature. No two stars are
exactly alike. The number of stars in the known Universe exceeds one
billion.

Thursday, December 26, 2013

Gk questions about Indian President

1. What is the minimum age need to become a president?
Answer: 35
2. What is the maximum age limit for the President ?
Answer: no age limits
3. What is the name of official residence of Indian president ?
Answer: Rashtrapati Bhavan
4. First president of India ?
Answer: Dr. Rajendra Prasad
5. Who is the first Muslim president of India ?
Answer: Zakir Hussain
6. Who is the first president to declare national emergency ?
answer: Dr. S. Radhakrishnan
7. Who is known as as Philosopher President of India ?
Answer: Dr. S. Radhakrishnan
8. Who is the first Indian president to die in office ?
Answer: Zakir Hussain
9. Who is the youngest Indian president ?
Answer: Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
10. Who was the first president of India elected without opposition ?
Answer: Neelam Sanjiva reddy

Arjun Awards for cricket All –Time

1. 1961— Saleem Durani
2. 1964—Mansur Ali Khan Pataudi
3 1965— Vijay Manjrekar
4 1966 —Chandu Borde
5 1967— Ajit Wadekar
6 1968— E.A.S. Prasanna
7 1969— Bishan Singh Bedi
8 1970— Dilip Sardesai
9 1971— Srinivasaraghavan Venkataraghavan
10 1972— Eknath Solkar
11 1972— B.S. Chandrashekhar
12 1975— Sunil Gavaskar
13 1976— Shanta Rangaswamy
14 1977-78—Gundappa Vishwanath
15 1979-80—Kapil Dev Nikhanj
16 1980-81—Chetan Chauhan
17 1980-81—Syed Kirmani
18 1981— Dilip Vengsarkar
19 1982— Mohinder Amarnath
20 1983— Diana Edulji
21 1984—Ravi Shastri
22 1985— Shubhangi Kulkarni
23 1986—Mohammad Azharuddin
24 1986—Sandhya Agarwal
25 1989— Madan Lal
26 1993— Manoj Prabhakar
27 1993—Kiran More
28 1994— Sachin Tendulkar
29 1995— Anil Kumble
30 1996— Javagal Srinath
31 1997— Ajay Jadeja
32 1997— Sourav Ganguly
33 1998—Rahul Dravid
34 1998—Nayan Mongia
35 2000— B.K. Venkatesh Prasad
36 2001— VVS Laxman
37 2002— Virender Sehwag
38 2003— Harbhajan Singh
39 2003— Mithali Raj
40 2005—Anju Jain
41 2006— Anjum Chopra
42 2009—Gautam Gambhir
43 2010—Jhulan Goswami
44 2011— Zaheer Khan
45 2012— Yuvraj Singh
46 2013— Virat Kohli

Usefull RUN Commands !

1. Accessibility Controls - access.cpl
2. Accessibility Wizard - accwiz
3. Add Hardware Wizard - hdwwiz.cpl
4. Add/Remove Programs - appwiz.cpl
5. Administrative Tools - control admintools
6. Automatic Updates - wuaucpl.cpl
7. Bluetooth Transfer Wizard - fsquirt
8. Calculator - calc
9. Certificate Manager - certmgr.msc
10. Character Map - charmap
11. Check Disk Utility - chkdsk
12. Clipboard Viewer - clipbrd
13. Command Prompt - cmd
14. Component Services - dcomcnfg
15. Computer Management - compmgmt.msc
16. Control Panel - control
17. Date and Time Properties - timedate.cpl
18. DDE Shares - ddeshare
19. Device Manager - devmgmt.msc
20. Direct X Troubleshooter - dxdiag
21. Disk Cleanup Utility - cleanmgr
22. Disk Defragment - dfrg.msc
23. Disk Management - diskmgmt.msc
24. Disk Partition Manager - diskpart
25. Display Properties - control desktop
26. Display Properties - desk.cpl
27. Dr. Watson System Troubleshooting¬ Utility - drwtsn32
28. Driver Verifier Utility - verifier
29. Event Viewer - eventvwr.msc
30. Files and Settings Transfer Tool - migwiz
31. File Signature Verification Tool - sigverif
32. Findfast - findfast.cpl
33. Firefox - firefox
34. Folders Properties - control folders
35. Fonts - control fonts
36. Fonts Folder - fonts
37. Free Cell Card Game - freecell
38. Game Controllers - joy.cpl
39. Group Policy Editor (for xp professional) - gpedit.msc
40. Hearts Card Game - mshearts
41. Help and Support - helpctr
42. HyperTerminal - hypertrm
43. Iexpress Wizard - iexpress
44. Indexing Service - ciadv.msc
45. Internet Connection Wizard - icwconn1
46. Internet Explorer - iexplore
47. Internet Properties - inetcpl.cpl
48. Keyboard Properties - control keyboard
49. Local Security Settings - secpol.msc
50. Local Users and Groups - lusrmgr.msc
51. Logs You Out Of Windows - logoff
52. Malicious Software Removal Tool - mrt
53. Microsoft Chat - winchat
54. Microsoft Movie Maker - moviemk
55. Microsoft Paint - mspaint
56. Microsoft Syncronization Tool - mobsync
57. Minesweeper Game - winmine
58. Mouse Properties - control mouse
59. Mouse Properties - main.cpl
60. Netmeeting - conf
61. Network Connections - control netconnections
62. Network Connections - ncpa.cpl
63. Network Setup Wizard - netsetup.cpl
64. Notepad - notepad
65. Object Packager - packager
66. ODBC Data Source Administrator - odbccp32.cpl
67. On Screen Keyboard - osk
68. Outlook Express - msimn
69. Paint - pbrush
70. Password Properties - password.cpl
71. Performance Monitor - perfmon.msc
72. Performance Monitor - perfmon
73. Phone and Modem Options - telephon.cpl
74. Phone Dialer - dialer
75. Pinball Game - pinball
76. Power Configuration - powercfg.cpl
77. Printers and Faxes - control printers
78. Printers Folder - printers
79. Regional Settings - intl.cpl
80. Registry Editor - regedit
81. Registry Editor - regedit32
82. Remote Access Phonebook - rasphone
83. Remote Desktop - mstsc
84. Removable Storage - ntmsmgr.msc
85. Removable Storage Operator Requests - ntmsoprq.msc
86. Resultant Set of Policy (for xp professional) - rsop.msc
87. Scanners and Cameras - sticpl.cpl
88. Scheduled Tasks - control schedtasks
89. Security Center - wscui.cpl
90. Services - services.msc
91. Shared Folders - fsmgmt.msc
92. Shuts Down Windows - shutdown
93. Sounds and Audio - mmsys.cpl
94. Spider Solitare Card Game - spider
95. SQL Client Configuration - cliconfg
96. System Configuration Editor - sysedit
97. System Configuration Utility - msconfig
98. System Information - msinfo32
99. System Properties - sysdm.cpl
100. Task Manager - taskmgr
101. TCP Tester - tcptest
102. Telnet Client - telnet
103. User Account Management - nusrmgr.cpl
104. Utility Manager - utilman
105. Windows Address Book - wab
106. Windows Address Book Import Utility - wabmig
107. Windows Explorer - explorer
108. Windows Firewall - firewall.cpl
109. Windows Magnifier - magnify
110. Windows Management Infrastructure - wmimgmt.msc
111. Windows Media Player - wmplayer
112. Windows Messenger - msmsgs
113. Windows System Security Tool - syskey
114. Windows Update Launches - wupdmgr
115. Windows Version - winver
116. Wordpad – write

Jnanpith Award Winners

1965 : G. Sankara Kurup – Odakkuzhal [Flute] (Malayalam)
1966 : Tarashankar Bandopadhyaya – Ganadevta (Bengali)
1967 : Kuppali Venkatappagowda Puttappa (Kuvempu) – Sri Ramayana Darshanam (Kannada)
1967 : Umashankar Joshi – Nishitha (Gujarati)
1968 : Sumitranandan Pant – Chidambara (Hindi)
1969 : Firaq Gorakhpuri – Gul-e-Naghma (Urdu)
1970 : Viswanatha Satyanarayana – Ramayana Kalpavrikshamu [A resourceful tree:Ramayana] (Telugu)
1971 : Bishnu Dey Smriti – Satta Bhavishyat (Bengali)
1972 : Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar' – Urvashi (Hindi)
1973 : Dattatreya Ramachandra Bendre – Nakutanti [Naku Thanthi (Four Strings)] (Kannada)
1973 : Gopinath Mohanty – Paraja (Oriya)
1974 : Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar – Yayati (Marathi)
1975 : P. V. Akilan – Chitttrappavai (Tamil)
1976 : Ashapurna Devi – Pratham Pratisruti (Bengali)
1977 : K. Shivaram Karanth – Mookajjiya Kanasugalu [Mookajjis dreams] (Kannada)
1978 : Sachchidananda Hirananda Vatsyayan 'Ajneya' – Kitni Navon Men Kitni Bar (Hindi)
1979 : Birendra Kumar Bhattacharya – Mrityunjay [Immortal] (Assamese)
1980 : S. K. Pottekkatt – Oru Desathinte Katha [Story of a land] (Malayalam)
1981 : Amrita Pritam – Kagaj te Canvas (Punjabi)
1982 : Mahadevi Varma – Yama (Hindi)
1983 : Maasti Venkatesh Ayengar – Chikkaveera Rajendra [Life and struggle of Kodava King Chikkaveera
Rajendra] (Kannada)
1984 : Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai – Kayar [Coir] (Malayalam)
1985 : Pannalal Patel – Maanavi Ni Bhavaai (Gujarati)
1986 : Sachidananda Rout Roy (Oriya)
1987 : Vishnu Vaman Shirwadkar (Kusumagraj) – Natsamrat (Marathi)
1988 : Dr.C. Narayana Reddy – Vishwambhara (Telugu)
1989 : Qurratulain Hyder – Akhire Shab Ke Humsafar (Urdu)
1990 : V. K. Gokak (Vinayaka Krishna Gokak) – Bharatha Sindhu Rashmi (Kannada)
1991 : Subhas Mukhopadhyay – Padati (Bengali)
1992 : Naresh Mehta (Hindi)
1993 : Sitakant Mahapatra – "for outstanding contribution to the enrichment of Indian literature,
1973-92" (Oriya)
1994 : U. R. Ananthamurthy – for his contributions to (Kannada) literature (Kannada)
1995 : M. T. Vasudevan Nair – Randamoozham [Second Chance] (Malayalam)
1996 : Mahasweta Devi – Hajar Churashir Ma (Bengali)
1997 : Ali Sardar Jafri (Urdu)
1998 : Girish Karnad – "for his contributions to (Kannada) literature and for contributions to (Kannada)
theater (yayati)" (Kannada)
1999 : Nirmal Verma (Hindi)
1999 : Gurdial Singh (Punjabi)
2000 : Indira Goswami (Assamese)
2001 : Rajendra Keshavlal Shah (Gujarati)
2002 : D. Jayakanthan (Tamil)
2003 : Vinda Karandikar – Ashtadarshana (poetry) (Marathi)
2004 : Rahman Rahi – Subhuk Soda, Kalami Rahi and Siyah Rode Jaren Manz (Kashmiri)
2005 : Kunwar Narayan (Hindi)
2006 : Ravindra Kelekar (Konkani)
2006 : Satya Vrat Shastri (Sanskrit)
2007 : O. N. V. Kurup (Malayalam)
2008 : Akhlaq Mohammed Khan 'Shahryar' (Urdu)
2009 : Amar Kant (Hindi)
2009 : Shrilal Shukla (Hindi)
2010 : Chandrashekhara Kambara – for his contributions to Kannada literature (Kannada)
2011 : Pratibha Ray (Oriya)
2012 : Ravuri Bharadhwaja – For his contributions to Telugu literature

POETRY BY RIZWAN

Zindagi rukh badal gayi hoti,
Kash tu mujh ko mil gayi hoti,
Zindagi ko galey laga leta,
Har tamana pighal gayi hoti,
Kash tu mujh ko mil gayi hoti,
.
.
.
Khawab palkon pe mein sajaa leta,
Tujh ko seeney se mein laga leta,
Apne dil mein tujhe basaa leta,
Meri kismat badal gayi hoti,
Kash tu mujh ko mil gayi hoti,
.
.
.
Aahh nikle gi hont si loon ga,
Jis tarah ho sake ga jee lon ga,
Zeher bhi hanste hanste pee loon ga,
Gham ki yeh dhoop dhal gayi hoti,
Kash tu mujh ko mil gayi hoti,
.
.
.
Ab tere gham ko dil mein paloon ga,
Haan judai ka zakham kha loon ga,
Maut ko bhi galey laga loon ga,
Maut bhi aa ke tall gayi hoti,
Kash tu mujh ko mil gayi hoti..

ग़ज़ल

rizw4nkh4n *ख़ुलूस-ए-दिल = purity of heart *एहतराम = आदर, सम्मान *मिज़ाजपुरसी = हाल-चाल पूछना *बाम = घर में सबसे ऊपर का कोठा और छत *इक़राम =...